Monday, 11 March 2019

CSS - Backgrounds

This chapter teaches you how to set backgrounds of various HTML elements. You can set the following background properties of an element −
  • The background-color property is used to set the background color of an element.
  • The background-image property is used to set the background image of an element.
  • The background-repeat property is used to control the repetition of an image in the background.
  • The background-position property is used to control the position of an image in the background.
  • The background-attachment property is used to control the scrolling of an image in the background.
  • The background property is used as a shorthand to specify a number of other background properties.

Set the Background Color

Following is the example which demonstrates how to set the background color for an element.
<html>
   <head>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p style = "background-color:yellow;">
         This text has a yellow background color.
      </p>
   </body>
</html>

Set the Background Image

We can set the background image by calling local stored images as shown below −
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body  {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-color: #cccccc;
         }
      </style>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <h1>Hello World!</h1>
   </body>
<html>

Repeat the Background Image

The following example demonstrates how to repeat the background image if an image is small. You can use no-repeat value for background-repeatproperty if you don't want to repeat an image, in this case image will display only once.
By default background-repeat property will have repeat value.
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-repeat: repeat;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>Learn Software</p>
   </body>
</html>

The following example which demonstrates how to repeat the background image vertically.
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-repeat: repeat-y;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>Learn Software</p>
   </body>
</html>

The following example demonstrates how to repeat the background image horizontally.
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-repeat: repeat-x;
         }
      </style>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Learn Software</p>
   </body>
</html>

Set the Background Image Position
The following example demonstrates how to set the background image position 100 pixels away from the left side.
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-position:100px;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>Learn Software</p>
   </body>
</html>

The following example demonstrates how to set the background image position 100 pixels away from the left side and 200 pixels down from the top.
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url("/css/images/css.jpg");
            background-position:100px 200px;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>Learn Software</p>
   </body>
</html>

Set the Background Attachment
Background attachment determines whether a background image is fixed or scrolls with the rest of the page.
The following example demonstrates how to set the fixed background image.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url('/css/images/css.jpg');
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            background-attachment: fixed;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
   </body>
</html>

The following example demonstrates how to set the scrolling background image.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
   <head>
      <style>
         body {
            background-image: url('/css/images/css.jpg');
            background-repeat: no-repeat;
            background-attachment: fixed;
            background-attachment:scroll;
         }
      </style>
   </head>

   <body>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
      <p>The background-image is fixed. Try to scroll down the page.</p>
   </body>
</html>

Shorthand Property

You can use the background property to set all the background properties at once. For example −
<p style = "background:url(/images/pattern1.gif) repeat fixed;">
   This parapgraph has fixed repeated background image.
</p>
-

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